Members of the Science and Technique Advisory Committee

Professor Wang Shouguan (Chairman of the Science and Technique Advisory Committee)

Astronomer. Born in 1923 in Fuzhou, Fujian Province. Graduated from Mawei Naval Academy in 1943. Went to UK to study in 1945 majoring in astronomy and was employed by the University of London Observatory to do research in 1950. Elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980. Research professor, director and honorary director, Beijing Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and honorary president, Chinese Astronomical Society.

Wang not only opened the field of Chinese radio astronomical observation and research and promoted it fruitfully, but also was one of the main founders of Chinese modern astrophysics. He managed to improve the accuracy of time signal and promoted the development of astrometry in China. He was responsible for the establishment and development of Beijing Astronomical Observatory and the research on radio astronomy and made important contributions. He was also responsible for the establishment of various kinds of important radio astronomical devices and obtained a number of original results. He played a versatile leading role in directing and managing Chinese astronomical work.

Professor Su Dingqiang (Member of the Science and Technique Advisory Committee)

Astronomer. Born in June 1936, in Shanghai. Graduated from the Department of Astronomy, Nanjing University in 1959. Elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1991. Research professor, Nanjing Astronomical Instrumentation Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

In his research on optical system of large telescopes, Su proposed for the first time that the coude system and Cassegrain system share the same secondary mirror and a coude system in which a relay mirror is added. This idea has been successfully practiced in China's 2.16m telescope. In the field corrector, he proposed the new idea of lens-prism that the aberration correcting and atmospheric dispersion correcting could be completed with a pair of off-axis cemented lenses which became a new type of field corrector. In the optimization of optical system, he proposed the marit function which was composed of the mean square value of image patch and distortion value, and adopted many new methods different from the traditional optical design. He led and participated in the manufacture of China's first birefringence filter and the development of China's first experiment system of active optics. He was awarded a second class prize of the National Natural Science Prizes in 1993.

Chen Jiansheng (Member of the Science and Technique Advisory Committee)

Astrophysicist. Born in July 1938, Fuzhou, Fujian Province. Graduated from the Department of Geophysics, Peking University in 1963. Elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1991. Research professor, Beijing Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

As the principle investigator, Chen collaborated with his colleagues and first obtained the best result of the strong correlation of Lyα/Lyγand Ly α/Lyβin the quasar absorption line spectrum. Therefore, he conformed the existence of primordial hydrogen cloud in high red shift Universe. With his collaborators, he confirmed the existence of high red shift galaxies by analyzing the quasar absorption line and gave the result of evolution of galaxy chemical composition in time scale of ten billion years by measuring and comparing the element abundance. He initially developed the quasar survey with objective prism in China and discovered about 100 quasar candidates. In the light of China's conditions, he developed and studied the observing methods. He proposed for the first time and, together with his collaborators, realized the method of time-resolved high speed photometry of multi-objects with CCD in Schmidt telescope, opening a new way for large sample astronomy.

Professor Zhu Nenghong (Member of the Science and Technique Advisory Committee)

Astronomer. Born in 1939 in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. Graduated from the Department of Architecture, Tongji University, Shanghai in 1963. Elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering in 1995. Research professor, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Mainly engaged in the designing and researching of astronomical instruments. He led and participated in the manufacture of some large astronomical instruments, such as: the China's first lunar camera, the vacuum photographic zenith tube, the astrometric telescope and the Meridian circle at low latitude. He was awarded a first class prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award in 1991.

Professor Wang Daheng (Member of the Science and Technique Advisory Committee)

Applied opticist. Born in 1915 in Tokyo, Japan. Graduated from Tsinghua University in 1936. He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955. Research professor, director and honorary director, Changchun Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Wang is one of the founders of optical science and technology in China. He has made outstanding contributions to the investigation and manufacture of various large and sophisticated optical devices for defense modernization in China and played a very important role in developing optical science and technology and in the progress of metrological science in China. In the 1950s, he founded the Laboratory for Instrument Technology (the predecessor of Changchun Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences). He directed the Institute to manufacture the first batch of optical glass, the first electron microscope and the first laser in china which made the Institute known worldwide as the center for applied optics and optical engineering. Jointly with Professors Wang Ganchang, Chen Fangyun and Yang Jiachi, he proposed the suggestion to develop high technology in China (the "863"Plan). He and Prof. Wang Ganchang also jointly initiated to build the national key device of laser fusion. He prompted and organized Members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to play active roles in offering advises for national important topics of science and technology and achieved remarkable success. Jointly with other 5 Members of the Academy, he initiated and promoted the establishment of Chinese Academy of Engineering. In 1985, he was a leading award of the special prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award.

Professor Lei Tianjue (Member of the Science and Technique Advisory Committee)

Machinery expert. Born in 1913, in Liuyang, Hunan Province. Graduated from the Engineering College, Peking University in 1935. He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955. Senior engineer, Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Ministry of Machine-Building Industry.

Lei has made important contributions in the fields of precision measurement, precision finishing, machine design and techniques of hydrostatic and aerostatic support of rubbing surface. He successfully manufactured the cutter grinders, internal grinders and boring machines which reached the then world advanced level, and the high speed sliding bearings with centrifugal lubrication as well as light interferometer which measured angles to an accuracy up to 0.002 second. He also investigated phase modulation variable oil pump which was exported and produced by foreign countries. In the 1060s, he was responsible for developing an angle-dividing device with precision of 1/10 second, which was of the world advanced level. He is also responsible for successfully developing several types of hydrostatic supported screw and nut. In addition, he directed the technical work if manufacturing the nozzle with flexible walls used in the transonic wind tunnel and developed the elastic fluid hydrostatic bearing used in the vibration exciter of vibration testing mount.

Professor Tang Jiuhua (Member of the Science and Technique Advisory Committee)

Specialist in system design of optical engineering. Born in 1929 in Shanghai. Graduated from the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1951. Elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1991. Research professor, Changchun Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

In the 1950s, Tang was in charge of the development of optical theodolite and automatic double beam recording infrared spectrophotometer, as well as the transfer of these two technologies to industry. From the 1960s, he led the successful R & D of a variety of advanced large optical tracking instruments and reference coordinate system transferring equipment for measurement and control of flying vehicles. Complete success was achieved in mission practice, and the performance of these instruments was appreciated as the state of the art. Since the late 1970s, on the basis of summarizing the experiences in the design of optical measurement and control systems, he has presented concepts, theories and methodologies for system design of optical instrumentation. He put forward an inventive principle for optically compensated aligner. He is one of the pioneers in China for the development of optical dynamic observation and measurement technologies.

Su Hongjun

Born in Luzhou, Sichuan province, in March 1940. Graduated from the Department of Geophysics, Peking University in 1963. Research Fellow of the Beijing Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Main research interest is in extra-galactic astrophysics and also in astronomical instruments and techniques. In addition, he has acquired some experiences of scientific looking forward planning and administration. He took part in the Large Sky Area Multi-object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) project, as its former project manager.